ABSTRACT
Este estudo objetivou analisar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a influência da reconstrução imediata na prevalência de linfedema após mastectomia em pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama. Foram analisados os mais relevantes estudos publicados originalmente em qualquer idioma até agosto de 2018, indexados às bases de dados US National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science e Scientific Electronic Library Online. A amostra foi composta por 10 publicações que se adequaram aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos, incluindo 2.425 pacientes submetidas a apenas mastectomia e 2.772 pacientes submetidas à mastectomia associada à reconstrução imediata da mama. A prevalência de linfedema foi 20,95% nas pacientes submetidas a apenas mastectomia (n = 508) e de 5,23% nas pacientes submetidas à mastectomia associada à reconstrução imediata (n = 145), havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,001). Concluiu-se que a mastectomia associada à reconstrução imediata influencia positivamente o prognóstico das pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama, proporcionando um índice significativamente menor de linfedema, quando comparada à realização de apenas mastectomia.
This study aimed to analyze, through systematic review of literature, the influence of immediate reconstruction on the prevalence of lymphedema after mastectomy, in women living with breast cancer. The analysis considered the most relevant studies originally published, in any language, up to August 2018, indexed on the databases of the US National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scientific Electronic Library Online. The sample comprised 10 publications that met the established criteria for inclusion and exclusion, including 2,425 patients who were subjected to mastectomy alone, and 2,772 patients who were subjected to mastectomy associated with immediate reconstruction of the breast. The prevalence of lymphedema was 20.95% in patients who had been subjected to mastectomy alone (n = 508), and 5.23% among those patients who were subjected to mastectomy associated with immediate reconstruction of the breast (n = 145), the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001). We concluded that mastectomy, when associated with immediate breast reconstruction, has a positive influence on the prognosis of patients living with breast cancer, thereby providing a much lower rate of lymphedema when compared with mastectomy alone.